With the rapid development of the construction industry and the research and development of various new materials, panel materials are increasingly diverse. In this phase, we will learn about a material - fiber cement board.
In the 1970s, when the danger of asbestos inhalation became known, people began to look for alternatives extensively.
Fiber cement board is abbreviated as FC board, also known as cement fiber board, also known as fiber reinforced cement board. With cement as the basic structural material and binder, mineral fiber as the cement and other fibers as the reinforced fiber material, it is a new type of interior and exterior wallboard material for building projects developed through the pulping, copying, pressurizing and curing of our fiber cement board production line equipment, With its superior performance, it has been widely studied and applied in various fields of China's architectural design industry.
1、 Material specification
Common technical specifications: length: 2000mm-2440mm
Width: 1000mm-1220mm
Normal thickness: 4-12mm
In China, the thickness can be extended to 2.5mm-90mm, and the domestic plate size is generally 1200 × 2400 or 1220 × 2440, the former is the domestic general standard, and the latter is the international general standard. Other smaller sizes can be cut at will
2、 Material category
1. According to the inner fiber:
① Asbestos fiber - asbestos fiber can be used as a support, called asbestos fiber for cement slab.
② Asbestos free fiber - a non asbestos fiber cement plate reinforced with paper pulp, wood chips and glass fibers instead of asbestos fibers.
2. By density:
Low density is 0.9-1.2g/cm3, medium density is 1.2-1.5g/cm3, and high density is 1.5-2.0g/cm3.
Low density is generally used for ceiling partition of ordinary buildings, medium density is generally used for ceiling partition of middle grade buildings, and high density is generally used for steel structure exterior wall and steel structure ground of high-end buildings.
3. According to pressure:
It can be divided into pressing plate and pressure plate. The fibers with medium and low medium density are installed with cement boards without pressing plates, while the fibers with high density are pressure boards.
The pressing plate, also known as fiber cement pressing plate, needs to be specially pressed and produced, which is impossible for enterprises without a press. Fiber cement pressing plate can be divided into: 1 ordinary board, with a density of 1.5~1.75 g/cm3; 2 Superior plate, density 1.75~1.95 g/cm3; 3 Superior plate, density 1.95 g/cm3 or above.
4. By thickness:
1 Ultra thin steel plate 2.5 - 3.5 mm 2 Conventional steel plate 4-12mm 3 Thick steel plate 13-30 mm 4 Ultra thick steel plate 31-100 mm
Material properties
Performance
1. Fire insulation: it cannot burn Class A, and the plate will not burn and will not produce toxic smoke in case of fire; With low conductivity, it is an ideal insulating material.
2. Waterproof and moistureproof: in semi open air and high humidity control environment, the stability of working performance can still be maintained without sagging or deformation.
3. Heat insulation and sound insulation: low heat conduction influence coefficient, good performance of heat insulation structure and heat insulation system, high product quality density and sound insulation.
4. Light weight and high strength: The plates pressed by 7000 ton plate type hydraulic press are not only of high strength, but also not easy to deform and warp.
5. Simple structure: dry operation mode. The installation of keel and plate is simple and fast. Further processed products also have the characteristics of simple construction and better performance.
6. Beautiful economic environment: lightweight, with the keel, effective ways to reduce the cost of enterprise projects and decoration companies; The appearance color is uniform and the surface is flat. The color of the surface of building materials can be unified through direct use.
Safe and harmless: 100% free of asbestos, benzene, formaldehyde and other harmful substances, which is lower than the national Radiation Health Protection Standard for Building Materials
Ultra long service life: It is acid and alkali resistant, corrosion resistant, and will not be damaged by moisture or insects and ants, and the strength and hardness increase with time to ensure the ultra long service life and the service life of buildings.
Good processability and secondary decoration performance: sawing, drilling, carving, drilling nails, painting, pasting tiles, wall cloth and other materials according to the actual situation can not only obtain plain concrete effect, but also obtain rich texture and colorful facade effect.
Construction and installation nodes
Install node
1、 Construction tools:
Electric saw, electric and circular saw, cutter, drill or group drill, hand planer or electric planer, nail gun, umbrella structural bolt, wall bolt, self tapping bolt, wood screw, screw, nail, hook, flexible paper tape, sealant, foam plastic strip, metal corner protector, metal edge, etc.
Construction method of fiber cement board:
1. Dry construction method:
1 Lima screws with big head thread twist are used, and the frame spring can be made of fire-resistant galvanized aggregate of more than 0.8mm.
65mmx35mm column below 30cm.
3120 cm below - reinforced transverse column.
4 The indoor building slab joint shall be 3mm, and the outdoor building slab joint shall be 5mm.
⑤ The distance between the locking screws and the edge should be at least 1.5 cm, and the distance between the locking screws and the edge should be 10 cm.
2. Mixed construction method:
① Screw application and development Large head twisted Lima screw, frame spring can use more than 1.0mm fireproof and galvanized aggregate
② 40cm lower - 65mmx35mm column
③ Lock the screws at least 1.5 cm away from the edge distance, and lock one screw at a horizontal spacing of 10 cm; From the top to the bottom, the distance between one screw is 5cm, and the other is 10cm.
(4) The joint of two layers of plates cannot be continuous.
⑤ Before the completion grouting of the plate, the transverse lock can be used to strengthen the transverse column outside the platform, which will be removed after the grouting construction.
3. External wall installation:
1. The exterior wall shall be treated on site. The back shall face up to prevent the front edge from collapsing. Do not take water for cutting. After cutting, the waterproof agent shall be applied in time. After cutting the eight bucket sharp plates in the room, install them in time to prevent exposure to the sun and rain.
2 The cement hanging plate shall be installed horizontally, and the water curtain horizontal plate shall be installed initially, 20 cm above the ground.
③ In order to adapt to the changes in the relative humidity of the social environment and climate conditions, heat expansion and cold contraction, a 0.2-0.4mm gap should be left between the upper and lower plates to prevent the hanging parts from being stressed while the following group of hanging parts bear too much weight, causing the overall wall panel of the enterprise to sag. Before installation, several problems can be prepared to correspond to iron sheets of different thicknesses to ensure the installation clearance of the system and prevent detachment.
④ The cement hanging plate shall be hung on the galvanized light steel keel or the wood keel treated with fire prevention and corrosion prevention problems, and shall be fixed with anti rust hangers and self tapping screws. The joint shall be filled with silicone structural sealant with good weather resistance and elasticity.
⑤ 3-5mm expansion joints are reserved horizontally between plates, and aluminum alloy joint strips are placed between left and right plates. foam rods can also be used in the gap.
The cement hanging plate shall be installed at a certain distance from the wall, with air duct at the top and bottom for moisture-proof and thermal insulation.
3、 Precautions for fiber cement board construction:
1. The wall structure can be divided into single-layer light steel keel with double-sided influence fixation, fiber cement board and double-layer light steel keel with double-sided fiber cement board staggered joint fixed on the keel, and rock wool or other national thermal insulation engineering materials can be filled in the middle, which mainly depends on the development of partition wall or compartment wall, that is, depends on the technical requirements of Chinese architectural sound insulation design. The thickness of fiber cement board shall be 8-10mm (interior wall) and 12mm (exterior wall) boards, with smooth surface outward. The research abroad mostly adopts the layering method or open joint construction.
2. In places with high humidity, such as toilets and bathrooms, the surface of the board must be tiled with the rough surface facing outward. After confirming that the water content of the board is lower than 10%, brush sealing glue on the board surface. After the glue is dry, stick the tiles with AB glue. Do not use cement mortar to prevent the fiber cement board from falling off.
3. The light steel keel frame fixed by the wallboard must be flat and stable, and have reliable nail grasping force.
4. When fixing the fiber cement board, it is necessary to start from the center of the board and gradually extend and fix it all around to avoid the internal stress of the board due to improper fixation, which will cause the overall uneven board.
5. When self tapping screws are used to fix the pressure plate of the cement enterprise, the nail distance is 200mm for the ceiling plate, 300mm for the wallboard passing through the middle, and 200mm around. The distance between the center of the nail hole and the edge of the plate is 13mm -- 15mm. The nail head should be 0.3mm lower than the structural plate surface.
6. After each nail is fixed, primer shall be applied on the nail head immediately to prevent the nail head from rusting and affect the overall design of the enterprise.
7. On the fixed fiber cement board installation surface, we need to draw a line according to the size slightly larger than that of other objects. If it is a square hole, we should drill a hole at the four corners of the square hole, with a hole diameter of 10mm, and then use a portable marble saw to cut along the line. If it is through the round hole structure, drill a hole on the inscribed circle, and then cut along the line with a standard curve saw. Drill the hole diameter of 10mm, and remove the flash.

The application and research scope of fiber cement board is very important and extensive. The thin plate can be used as the engineering material for suspended ceiling, and can be used to improve the acoustic suspended ceiling through perforation technology; Conventional boards can be used for building walls and or decorative design materials, indoor (toilet) partition curtain wall lining boards, composite structure wall panels, outdoor activity billboards, metallurgical, electric furnace insulation boards, electrical distribution cabinets, transformer partitions, etc; The thick plate can be used as LOFT steel structure construction floor plate, attic plate, external wall insulation plate, external wall hanging plate, etc.